Slide Hope is the second largest landslide ever recorded in Canada. It happened on the morning of January 9, 1965 in the Nicolum Valley in the Cascade Mountains near Hope, British Columbia, and killed four people. The volume of rocks involved in the landslides is estimated at 47 million cubic meters.
Video Hope Slide
Previous avalanche
Before the landslide, a small avalanche forced five people to stop a few miles southeast of Hope, British Columbia - 150 kilometers (93 miles) east of Vancouver - on the Hope-Princeton Highway stretch under Johnson Puncak.
Maps Hope Slide
Landslide
Two earthquakes are said to have been recorded in the general area of ​​the slide. One earthquake occurred at 3:56 am and the second at 6:57 am. The shear that wiped out the southwestern slopes of the mountain was discovered when members of the RCMP detachment in Hope BC were sent to what was first reported as several small stone slides. The first news report from the slide came from CHWK Radio in Chilliwack where morning news reporter Gerry Pash and then news director Edgar Wilson filed a voice report with Broadcast News and Canadian Press.
The culvert actually dumped water and mud in Outram Lake below with tremendous power, threw it to the opposite side of the valley, wiped all the vegetation and trees onto the rock, then splashed back onto the original slope, now empty, before settling.. Recent research has shown that this impact on different valley sides produces seismic signatures that are defined as earthquakes.
Slide buried yellowish yellow convertible Chevy in 1957 which stuck on the first slide, Transfer Arrow oil tanker truck, and loaded straw truck that stopped behind the tanker under the spray of 47 million cubic meters of crushed stone, mud, and debris 152.4 meters (500Ã, ft) in and 2 kilometers (1,2 mi, mi) wide, which descend to the slopes of 1,220 meters (4,000 ft).
Norman Stephanishin, Arrow truck driver, stops behind a jamming convertible. Stephanishin, unable to turn his rig on the narrow, icy road, tried to persuade four others to walk five kilometers back to Sumallo Lodge. Unable to convince them, Stephanishin walked east toward Sumallo Lodge to call the Highway Department. Within a short distance, Stephanishin dropped the Greyhound Lines bus that went to Vancouver and persuaded the driver, David Hughes, to return with him to Sumallo Lodge. Hughes turned and was credited with saving his passengers from the tragedy.
Rescue workers from Hope and Princeton found the corpse of Thomas Starchuck, 39, from Aldergrove BC, a truck driver. Bernie Lloyd Beck, 27, from Penticton BC, convertible drivers were also taken. Beck's passengers, Dennis George Arlitt, 23, from Penticton BC, and Mary Kalmakoff, 21, from Shoreacres BC, were never found. Their bodies remain buried under the rock.
British Columbia affairs minister, Phil Gaglardi, attended the scene and directed the construction of a temporary tug on the southern slides. Within twenty-one days, a bumpy route has been built on the slide.
Cause
The landslide was caused by the presence of an existing tectonic structure (fault and shear zone) on the southwest slopes of Johnson Ridge. The lower part of the slide scars is based on felsite sheets (which may have failed first) while the upper part of the slide scar is based on a very jointed Paleozoic green bed. Continuous weathering and tectonic activity weaken the mass of the slide to the point where it has reached a delimiting balance. Johnson Peak is the site of earlier smaller prehistoric rocks.
Only what triggered the 1965 landslide remains unclear; two so-called earthquakes may be too small to trigger the slide and thus the seismic event is more likely to be caused by the impact of the mass of landslides on the opposite valley wall. Changes in groundwater conditions, often an avalanche trigger, are not considered to play a role in Slide Hope because slides occur during periods of protracted sub-zero in winter, although some parties suggest freezing seepage points. may have caused an increase in water pressure at the end of the slide.
Results
The highway has been rerouted around and on the basis of ruins 55 meters above the original surface on the other side of the valley. Most of the large scars on the mountain face remain bare, with no significant tree growth or other large vegetation. This is quite easily visible from the plane that passes overhead.
The point of view on Highway 3 allows tourists to see scars.
A stretch of four kilometers from the previous route puts unused north from the alignment of the new highway.
Aircraft
On August 13, 1965, a plane piloted by S.W.K. Stevenson fell, killed him.
On April 23, 1966, Royal Canadian Air Force Grumman CSR-110 Albatross (9302) served with No. 121 Composite Unit (KU) at RCAF Station Comox, BC falls in Slide Hope. That is the only RCAF Albatross loss. Five of the six crew members were killed (Leader Squadron James L. Braiden (passenger), Air Force Officer Christopher J. Cormier (radio operator), Aircraft Leader Robert E MacNaughton (flight crew), Lieutenant Aviation Phillip L. Montgomery (co-pilot) , and Flight Lieutenant Peter Bush (pilot)). Flyer Bob Reid (navigator) is the only survivor. Some of the junk is still visible and can be raised.
Climate
References
External links
- Aerial photos and stereogram from Hope Slide
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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