Beograd, the capital of Serbia, is located on two major rivers, the Danube and Sava which are set by 11 bridges in total.
Video Bridges of Belgrade
Introduction
The Greek historian Zosimus mentions the bridge in Belgrade (at the time, Singidunum) was in the fifth century, which is the oldest historical mention of every bridge in the city. Other historical records observed other bridges, from the Byzantine period and later, as in 1521, 1595, 1688 or 1717, but all while, pontoon bridges were built solely for the purpose of conquering the city during various battles and siege Belgrade through history.
In 1521, Karaca Pasha, the great Ottoman Sultan Suleiman military commander built a pontoon bridge across from Sava, while in 1595 the Ottoman built a pontoon on the Danube, near the village of Vi? Njica. The bridge in 1717 was built on the orders of Austrian commander Prince Eugene of Savoy.
Chronicles mentions no less than 10 pontoon bridges at the site of the modern Branko Bridge - 5 Austria and 5 Ottoman.
Maps Bridges of Belgrade
Type
They can be categorized in several ways:
a) 9 across Sava, 2 across the Danube;
b) 7 road bridges, 3 railways and 1 joint;
c) 7 urban, 3 suburbs and 1 joint;
Bridge with water bodies
Sava
1884 - Old Railroad Bridge
Old Rail Bridge ( Serbian: ??????????????????????? ??>) was built within the first rail construction project in Serbia. Built on a French concession that includes the Belgrade-Ni development? trains, railway bridges over Sava and trains that will connect Belgrade to Zemun, at that time, the Austrian-Hungarian border town. It was destroyed in both World Wars and the construction now placed after World War II ended. As the only link between Serbia and Austria-Hungary, which has positioned its troops near the bridge, it was destroyed by Serbian troops on July 29, 1914. It was reconstructed in 1919. When Germany attacked Yugoslavia on 6 April 1941, High Komando decided to destroy the three bridges in Belgrade, including the railway bridge. It was reconstructed again in 1945, funded by war reparations. Although projected as a temporary liaison in 1945, the bridge was reconstructed in 1986, when the tracks were replaced. Minor improvements on the bridge were carried out in 1995 and 1996. It was the only bridge in Belgrade until 1934. Also, it was the only railway bridge until 1935 and the only one across from Sava until 1979 when the New Railway Bridge opened.
Type: a) Sava; b) railway lines; c) urban;
1942 - Old Sava Bridge
Old Sava Bridge ( ???????????????????????????????) was built during the occupation German. The construction of the bridge was installed over the nearby Tisa river? Abalj, but the demolition of King Alexander's Bridge, led to the installation of eight pillars of the Sava river. It was cut into pieces and moved to Belgrade. It was the only major European bridge that had not been destroyed during Germany's withdrawal. The bridge had a wooden lane until 1964, when the planners suggested the reconstruction of the bridge to the mayor Branko Pe? Me? After a five-year reconstruction a new concrete panel was placed in 1969. After opting against the construction of the metro, despite developing the project for more than a decade, in 1984 the tramway was laid over bridges and concrete panels replaced with one steel. In March 2016, Belgrade's mayor Sini - a Mali announced a massive reconstruction of the bridge, which is scheduled to begin by the end of 2017. He named the Tehran Tabiat Bridge as inspiration. However, in May 2017, after the city published the project paper, it was clear that all the time they wanted to destroy the bridge completely and build a new bridge but the old bridge would not be destroyed. Instead it will be moved to another location that is still not selected, as a pedestrian bridge.
Jenis: a) Sava; b) jalan; c) urban;
1953 - Ostru? nica Railroad Bridge
Ostru? nica Railroad Bridge ( ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????? to move the transport of toxic materials and explosives from downtown Belgrade.. Built in 1953, it was damaged by NATO during the Serb bombing of 1999. The 658 m long bridge (2,159 ft) was repaired and opened on 15 September 2006.
Type: a) Sava; b) railway line; c) suburbs;
1956 - Branko Bridge
Branko Bridge ( ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????) The bridge actually uses the bottom of the former bridge pole as external constraints for two secondary ranges. After World War II, in the 1950s, the general notion was that trolleybuses had to take over the leading role in public transport. The line to Zemun was opened in 1956, and in time three lines over the bridge were formed: Line 14 - Zeleni Venac-Gornji Grad (Zemun) (considered the line of the pre-war tram line), Line 15 - Zeleni Venac-Novi Grad (Zemun) and Line 16 - Zeleni Venac-Pohorska, New Belgrade. The lines were closed in 1973. The bridge gained a notorious reputation as a suicide bridge. About 40 people try to commit suicide from Branko Bridge every year.
Type: a) Sava; b) road; c) urban;
1970 - Gazela Bridge
The Gazela Bridge ( ????????? ) is the most important, the central bridge in the city, the main connection between Belgrade city center and New Belgrade]], bring in transit traffic on the E70 and E75 highways. Daily traffic exceeds 165,000 vehicles. Built from 1966 to 1970. Immediately after its opening in 1970, a visible defect. Because of miscalculations, metal construction began to be depressed in the middle of the bridge. In the reconstruction of 2010, it became a good look by watching the bridge from the side or cross it. To alleviate the problem, on the metal part of the bridge, the concrete shoulder is replaced with a lighter, metal. After a long debate, which lasted for years, on the condition of the bridge, a major reconstruction took place in 2010-11. After the reconstruction, city officials stated that the bridge will be able to handle 200,000 vehicles every day for the next 40 years. However, the bridge is still overloaded, although there is significant assistance when the new Ada Bridge opens for traffic on January 1, 2012. Additional assistance is expected when the Belgrade bypass is complete.
Type: a) Sava; b) road; c) urban;
1979 - New Railroad Bridge
New Railway Bridge ( ???? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? in Sava's urban area Belgrade The construction of the bridge began in 1975 and was completed and opened for traffic in 1979. The bridge was built as part of the projected Belgrade train junction and directly connects New Belgrade with, still unfinished, Belgrade Center railway station in the neighborhood Prokop Designed by Nikola Hajdin, it is the first bridge in Europe that uses a fixed-cable girder system.
Jenis: a) Sava; b) jalur kereta api; c) urban;
1998 - Ostru? nica Bridge
Ostru? nica Bridge ( ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Built from 1990 to 1998. The bridge was bombed by NATO during the Kosovo War in 1999 and fully reconstructed in 2004. The additional three-lane strip is currently under construction and its work will be completed by March 2018.
Type: a) Sava; b) road; c) suburbs;
2011 - Obrenovac-Sur? in Bridge
Obrenovac-Sur? in Bridge ( ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? originally projected as a carrier for district heating pipes, then its proximity to power stations.), It was supposed to connect the TPP plant Nikola Tesla with New Belgrade. In 1997, the project was changed to include the possibility of transporting tanks and other military techniques and then the idea was expanded to include regular traffic. Due to financial constraints, the work was discontinued in 1998 and the NATO bombing in 1999 pushed this project out of future plans because so many other infrastructures had to be fixed. In the following years nothing new is done because the work only includes the maintenance of steel construction that has been placed and repair of one of the pillars damaged by the barge. The idea reappeared in 2006 when discussions were held on the profitability of the heating pipes and eventually the idea of ​​the pipeline was dropped. Tentative work on further buildings began in April 2010 and a full explosive construction took place in 2011. The bridge was opened on December 1, 2011.
Type: a) Sava; b) road; c) suburbs;
2012 - There is a Bridge
Bridge There ( ??????? ) is a cable bridge that crosses the end of the island There Ciganlija, connecting the municipality? ukarica and New Belgrade. Pylon bridge is located at the end of the island, which has been reinforced with a large amount of concrete and has been slightly enlarged to provide a stronger foundation. Construction began in 2008, and the bridge opened on 1 January 2012. Parts of deck components are manufactured in China and shipped in transportable units at sea and river routes via Rotterdam via the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal to the pre- assembly yard next to construction site at Mala Ciganlija in Belgrade. The bridge is designed to significantly reduce traffic passing through the city center and the Gazela Bridge. Planned to be part of the Semi-Ring City Road Closed in the future. It has three lane roads and tram (railway line) in every direction. The bridge is featured in the fifth episode, season nine from the documentary series Discovery Channel Build It Bigger .
Jenis: a) Sava; b) jalan; c) urban;
Danube
1946 - Pan? evo Bridge
Bridge Pan? evo ( ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? and completely destroyed in 1944. It is a joint/which was destroyed.The plan was composed by Soviet engineers of the Red Army's technical forces.The order of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin was that they must build a provisory junction, but Yugoslavian prime minister Josip Broz Tito assured him that a proper bridge should be built.On November 7, 1946, the train first passing a new bridge and regular road traffic started three weeks later, on November 29. Originally, it was named Red Crusher Bridge ( Most Crvene Armije .) It was damaged in the explosion of a convoy of Russian tankers in 1963. Not counting er erdap dam on the Romanian border, Pan? Evo Bridge is the only bridge over the Danube in Se rbia that was not destroyed by NATO forces during the Serb bombing in 1999. Until the opening of the Pupin Bridge in 2015, it is Belgrade's only bridge over the Danube.
Type: a) Danube; b) road/train; c) urban;
2015 - Pupin Bridge
Pupin Bridge > ( ??????????) ) connects Zemun and Suburbs of Bor neighborhoods? a. Construction of the bridge is a joint venture of the state capital of Serbia and China (Exim Bank of China) and, with EUR170 million, it is China's first major infrastructure investment in continental Europe. Construction began in July 2011 and the bridge opened on December 18, 2014. Since the origin of the investors, even before the construction began, the bridge was daily called the "Chinese bridge". During construction, the tentative name is Zemun-Bor? A bridge , but later named after scientist and inventor Mihajlo Pupin. It has 6 lanes and 2 pedestrian-bike paths and relieves congestion on the only existing bridge, Pan-evo Bridge, which is overloaded for decades. The Drill? The part that is still not in urban and bridge construction prompted some ideas for future projects in the area. They include a future Chinese industrial park next to the bridge and a controversial project of the new Belgrade port north of the bridge, in the Beljarica wetlands known as Amazon Belgrade, which led to protests from the environment and the general public.
Jenis: a) Danube; b) jalan; c) urban (Zemun)/suburban (Bor? a);
Jembatan sedang dibangun
2019 - Obrenovac-Sur? di Bridge (jalan raya A2)
Obrenovac-Sur? on Bridge on the projected A2 highway, currently under construction since 2017. The preparatory work began on February 12 and construction began on May 23. The projected deadline is the end of 2019. The bridge not only crosses the Sava, but also its collage children. Part of A2 highway and access road to this bridge is under construction since March 1, 2017. The construction company is China Communications Construction.
Former bridge
1688-91 - Long Bridge
Long Bridge ( ??????? ) built further south from the city, near the village of Ostru? nica di? umadija river side. Since the Syrmian side opposite Sava was a very large swamp at the time (modern New Belgrade), the bridge did not stop at the bank but continued for some time in the swamp. Therefore, people also call it the Bridge above the swamp ( Most preko mo? Vare ). The Long Bridge was built by Austria to help them conquer Belgrade from the Ottomans during the 1688 Siege of Belgrade. According to the notes, a master craftsman of Belgrade experienced? Or? Evi? "In just one month, with the help of 400 workers, built the Long Bridge, using 2,000 tree trunks, 1,100 wooden poles, 15,500 file palings and 12,000 palangade palettes." If not before, the bridge must be destroyed by 1691 when the Ottomans reclaim Belgrade. The Long Bridge is the first permanent bridge in Belgrade's history. Right beside it, a little closer to the island of Ada Ciganlija, the Austrians built another pontoon bridge, which "leaned on the Long Bridge".
1934-41 - King Alexander Bridge
King Alexander Bridge ( ???? ?????????????????????? ) is a road bridge and tram over Sava. This is the first permanent road bridge in Sava in Belgrade after nearly 250 years and the Long Bridge from 1688. Construction began in July 1930 and the bridge was imitated the MÃÆ'¼lheim Bridge on the Rhine, in Cologne, Germany. The third "twin", based on a similar project built in Vienna, Austria, crosses the Danube - the second incarnation of the ReichsbrÃÆ'¼cke that collapsed due to structural failure on 1 August 1976. The King of Alexander Bridge was ceremonially open on December 16, 1934 with 700 horsemen crossing it and on 5 November 1935 the first tramway over the bridge was erected. The bridge was destroyed by Yugoslav troops on 11 April 1941 to prevent the progress of the German forces. Although unusable since April 1941, remnants of the bridge persisted until the heavy "Easter bombing" of Belgrade by the Allies on April 16, 1944 when it was completely demolished. The bridge construction is patterned in a Serbo-Byzantine style, placed on two pylons made of reinforced concrete, while it is held by a steel cable. Hailed for having important infrastructure and symbolic value because it is the first road bridge that spawns Sava, ending its purpose as a border river and marking the direction in which the city will flourish. The bridge is respected when one is described as "beautiful" and "one of the most important objects ever built in Belgrade". The pylons were then used for the modern Branko Bridge in 1956.
1935-44 - Bridge of King Peter II
King Peter II Bridge ( ???????????? II ) is the first bridge across the Danube in Belgrade. Construction of a combined railroad bridge began in 1933. It was inaugurated on 27 October 1935 and named after the small King of Yugoslavia, Petar II. Just like the Old Railway Bridge and the King Alexander Bridge, it was destroyed by the Yugoslav army in a futile attempt to slow the progress of the German Army. It was destroyed on the night of 10/11 April 1941. The Germans repaired the bridge for their purposes during the occupation period in 1941-1944. In the spring of 1944, the Anglo-American Allied bombing in Belgrade began. The bridge was struck and destroyed in the 16 April 16 and 3 September 1944 bombings. As Germany began to retreat from Belgrade in October 1944, they destroyed the bridge itself. Bridge Pan? Evo was built instead of 1946.
Seasonal bridge
Lido Pontoon Bridge
Since the early 2000s, military pontoon bridges have been placed every summer during the swim season at Lido Beach, on the Great War Island in Zemun. It connects the beaches and surroundings of Zemunski Kej, on the Danube arm. Since the beach was almost destroyed during the 2006 floods in Europe, the bridge was not installed in 2006-08.
Planning a bridge
Bridge There Huja
Every Belgrade public urban plan (GUP) since the mid-1950s includes a bridge over the Danube, connecting the Vija njica and Krnja? A neighborhoods, on the peninsula There is Huja. Parallel to the existing Pano evo Bridge, and projected to its east, the bridge Ada Huja has always been imagined as a route of transport of essential goods. In 2005 the city government announced the construction of a bridge that will last for 3 years. In April 2008 its construction was announced again, but in March 2009 it was said that it was not a priority. The new announcement comes in September 2016 with a deadline for complete documents to be completed by the end of 2017 or early 2018. This bridge will be part of the future City of Belgrade Central Ring Road. In April 2017 city officials stated that the construction of the bridge will begin "soon". In April 2018 it was announced that work on conceptual design and feasibility studies began and that it would be completed by mid 2019.
Vin? a-Pan? evo Bridge
A combined rail road bridge, proposed as part of the unfinished Belgrade bypass. It will connect the Banat Vojvodina region directly with central Serbia, which will divert traffic, especially cargo and dangerous goods, from downtown Belgrade to the outer suburbs. Three variants of the bridge were presented in August 2007. In 2012 it was announced that Chinese investors have projects. In February 2015 it was determined that Chinese investors would build this bridge as well, with a deadline of 3 years. Partial documentation was collected in September 2015 and in February 2016 the Serbian government confirmed the construction of the bridge, defining it as a strategic project but labeling the bridge as a "special problem". The bridge will extend from the projected part of the shortcut that starts at the Bubanj Potok junction and ends on the outskirts of Vin? A. On the Pan side? Evo, the bridge will cross in the village of Omoljica. The construction of the bridge is directly connected to the bypass completion which, in April 2018, has not even been completed.
See also
- List of bridges in Serbia
- Transport in Belgrade
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments